Photo credits: ScenTree SAS
General Presentation
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CAS N° :
80-56-8 -
EINECS number :
201-291-9 -
FEMA number :
2902 -
FLAVIS number :
1,004
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JECFA number :
1329 -
Volatility :
Head -
Price Range :
€
Physico-chemical properties
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Appearance :
Colorless liquid -
Density :
0,858 -
Refractive Index @20°C :
Donnée indisponible. -
Optical rotation :
Donnée indisponible. -
Vapor pressure :
Donnée indisponible. -
Flash Point :
31°C (87,8°F)
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Molecular formula :
C10H16 -
Molecular Weight :
136,23 g/mol -
Log P :
4,49 -
Fusion Point :
-64°C (-83,2°F) -
Boiling Point :
156°C (312,8°F) -
Detection Threshold :
2,5 à 62 ppb selon les personnes (contre 140 ppb pour le Beta-pinène)
Chemistry & Uses
Uses in perfumery :
Alpha-Pinene is used in citrus, fruity and coniferous notes for a fresh touch. Allows to increase the neutrality of a natural raw material. Present in most of citrus fruits and conifers.
Year of discovery :
Data not available.
Natural availability :
Alpha-Pinene is mainly obtained by natural means, by fractional distillation of Turpentine EO of which it is the major compound by far.
Isomerism :
Alpha-Pinene is more camphorated and less woody than beta-Pinene. D-Limonene, Myrcene, Ocimene and Terpinene are constitutional isomers of Pinene. They are also terpenes but have very different olfactory characteristics. The common point of terpenes is that they can be synthesized from Isoprene by a Diels-Alder reaction.
Synthesis precursor :
Alpha-Pinene is a precursor to the synthesis of many compounds of olfactory interest. A hydrogenation of Pinene converts it into Pinane which is a precursor to several compounds used in perfumery. It can be isomerized to beta-Pinene with a very good yield, to proceed to the synthesis of other compounds. It also allows to synthesize Terpineol by hydration. Finally, it allows to synthesize Ocimene by pyrolysis.
Synthesis route :
Alpha-Pinene is a compound mainly obtained with natural means: by fractional distillation of essential oils containing a large amount of it.
Stability :
Terpenes tend to polymerize by oxydation. Unstable in very alkaline bases as soap, where its smell is not percievable.
Other comments :
In comparision with other terpenes as Beta-Pinene or Gamma-Terpinene, Alpha-Pinene has a fresh woody smell but also is very earthy, on the contrary to the zesty note frequently found for terpenes.
Labelling
Allergens :
This ingredient is classified as an allergen under European Regulation 2023/1545, dated August 26, 2023.
Its presence must therefore be declared on product labels when it exceeds 0.001% in leave-on products and 0.01% in rinse-off products.
Signal word :
Danger
Hazard pictograms :
Precautionary statements :
| HAZARD | PRECAUTION |
|---|---|
| H226 Flammable liquid and vapour. H227 Highly flammable liquid and vapour. H304 May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways. H315 Causes skin irritation. H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction. H411 Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. |
P210 Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition sources. No smoking. P233 Keep container tightly closed. P240 Ground and bond container and receiving equipment. P241 Use explosion-proof [electrical/ventilating/lighting/…] equipment. P242 Use non-sparking tools. P243 Take action to prevent static discharges. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P272 Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. P273 Avoid release to the environment. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P301 + P310 IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/… P303 + P361 + P353 IF ON SKIN (or hair): Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water [or shower]. P333 + P313 If skin irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P331 Do NOT induce vomiting. P362 Take off contaminated clothing. P370 + P378 Use dry sand, dry chemical powder, or alcohol-resistant foam to extinguish the fire. P391 Collect spillage. P403 + P235 Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. P405 Store locked up. P501 Dispose of contents/container to… |
IFRA
IFRA 51th :
This ingredient is not restricted for the 51th amendment