Grandiflorum Jasmine Absolute
Natural
Floral > White Flowers > Solar > Animalic
Crédits photo: ScenTree SAS
Latin name :
Jasminum grandiflorum
Botanical profile :
Jasmine is a plant of the Oleaceae family and the genus Jasmimum.
Geographic origin :
Jasmimum grandiflorum is mainly cultivated in Egypt and India. India is also a producer of Jasmimum sambac. China and Morocco produce jasmine in smaller quantities.
Chemotypes :
In perfumery, two varieties are mainly used:
Jasminum grandiflorum (found in Grasse or Egypt for example - Grandiflorum Jasmine Absolute )
Jasminum sambac (mainly grown in India - Sambac Jasmine Absolute ).
The smell of Jasmine sambac is greener, as it contains a large quantity of Farnesene. The smell of Egyptian jasmine is more fruity and sweet and that of Grasse Jasmine is more jammy and petal-like.
There are also two species cultivated for extraction, in smaller proportions: Jasmimum asteroides and Jasmimum auriculatum, mainly cultivated in India.
Jasminum grandiflorum (found in Grasse or Egypt for example - Grandiflorum Jasmine Absolute )
Jasminum sambac (mainly grown in India - Sambac Jasmine Absolute ).
The smell of Jasmine sambac is greener, as it contains a large quantity of Farnesene. The smell of Egyptian jasmine is more fruity and sweet and that of Grasse Jasmine is more jammy and petal-like.
There are also two species cultivated for extraction, in smaller proportions: Jasmimum asteroides and Jasmimum auriculatum, mainly cultivated in India.
Extraction process :
Egypt and India account for 95% of the world production of jasminum grandiflorum. India produced 5.5 to 6 tonnes in 2014, while Egypt produced 4.5 tonnes in the same year (compared with 11 tonnes in the 1970s). In Egypt, 99% of the jasmine produced is grown on the Nile Delta, for the fertility of this region. The cultivation of jasmine in Egypt employs an area of 105 to 150 hectares and 5,000 farmers. The flower blooms especially in summer; it must be picked before dawn and treated quickly because it is very fragile. Nevertheless, the culture takes place from June to December. A plant has a productive life from the third to the tenth year of cultivation in India, and 25 years in Egypt. Five to six tons of jasmine can be produced per hectare of land each year in India, compared with ten to fifteen tons in Egypt. Harvesters can manually pick not less than 10,000 to 15,000 flowers a day.
Formerly, an essential oil was extracted by enfleurage. Today, everything is done by extraction with hexane or with petroleum ether.
The yield of the concrete is around 0.3%. Resumed with ethanol, the concrete is released from its waxes by a glazing step at 32 °F and gives an absolute with yields between 50 and 70% depending on the variety. There is no essential oil of jasmine, which would be obtained by steaming flowers. Such an extraction provided a too low yield of this flower.
There is also a supercritical CO2 extract, which provides a better olfactory quality with a higher cost.
Formerly, an essential oil was extracted by enfleurage. Today, everything is done by extraction with hexane or with petroleum ether.
The yield of the concrete is around 0.3%. Resumed with ethanol, the concrete is released from its waxes by a glazing step at 32 °F and gives an absolute with yields between 50 and 70% depending on the variety. There is no essential oil of jasmine, which would be obtained by steaming flowers. Such an extraction provided a too low yield of this flower.
There is also a supercritical CO2 extract, which provides a better olfactory quality with a higher cost.
Major Components :
Benzyl Acetate (25-30%)
Phytol (10-15%)
Benzyl Benzoate (10-15%)
Isophytol (≈8%)
Phytyl Acetate (≈7%)
Linalool (≈5%)
Phytol (10-15%)
Benzyl Benzoate (10-15%)
Isophytol (≈8%)
Phytyl Acetate (≈7%)
Linalool (≈5%)
- Uses in perfumery :
- Used in combination with other flowers in a floral bouquet, or alone for a solar note and for its typicity. Its smell is most noticeable in gourmet perfumes, but less so in a fresh, floral scent.
- Other comments :
- Along with the rose, jasmine is one of the most emblematic flowers of perfumery.
Nowadays, the main producers are in Egypt or India. However, the city of Grasse, whose plant has in part made its reputation, continues to produce on a smaller scale. The cultivation of jasmine is also part of Grasse's know-how, classified as Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) by the UNESCO.
Jasmine extracts are certified 100% organic. This is mainly the case for its uses in aromatherapy.
In India, in the region of Coimbatore, 90% of the jasmine culture is dedicated to the production of extracts for perfumery. Other parts of the country grow jasmine for other purposes.
Usually, five hours of a picker's work gives an average of three to four kilograms of jasmine. Given the hard work required by this crop, the land rarely exceeds more than half a hectare of surface.
Jasmine cultivation is not subject to the use of pesticides and fertilizers to accelerate plant growth.
In Egypt, jasmine is the second largest source of agricultural income. In non-cultivation periods, the land is used to grow salad, peas and clover. - Volatility :
- Heart
- Appearance :
- Orange liquid
- Stability :
- Solubility issues in perfumes
The esters identified in this raw material can form their corresponding acid in stability tests - Price Range :
- €€€€€
- Aromatherapy :
Informations provided below are taken from reference works in aromatherapy. They are given for information purposes only and can not constitute medical information, nor engage the responsibility of ScenTree.
Jasmine is used to reduce stress, anxiety, nervous tension, depression and fatigue. It can also be used as antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent.
Crédits photo: ScenTree SAS
- EINECS number :
- 282-993-5
- FEMA number :
- 2598
- Allergens :
- Linalool - Benzyl Benzoate - Eugenol
- IFRA :
- This ingredient is restricted by IFRA
- Restriction type :
- RESTRICTION
- Cause of restriction :
- DERMAL SENSITIZATION
- Amendment :
- 49
- Quantitative limit on the use :
-
Cat.1 Cat.2 Cat.3 Cat.4 Cat.5A Cat.5B Cat.5C Cat.5D Cat.6 0,11 % 0,032 % 0,65 % 0,6 % 0,15 % 0,15 % 0,15 % 0,15 % 0,35 % Cat.7A Cat.7B Cat.8 Cat.9 Cat.10A Cat.10B Cat.11A Cat.11B Cat.12 1,2 % 1,2 % 0,063 % 1,2 % 4,2 % 4,2 % 2,3 % 2,3 % No Restriction - Annexe I :
- Some regulated synthetic ingredients are found in nature and in certain proportions in natural ingredients. This presence in nature has to be taken into account when calculating limits of use recommended by the IFRA. In case you do not know these concentrations, you can use the ones estimated by the IFRA. Here they are :
- Restriction type :
- RESTRICTION QRA
- Cause of restriction :
- SENSITIZATION
- Amendment :
- 43
- Quantitative usage limits :
-
Cat.1 Cat.2 Cat.3 Cat.4 Cat.5 Cat.6 Cat.7 Cat.8 Cat.9 Cat.10 Cat.11 0,04 % 0,05 % 0,22 % 0,7 % 0,4 % 1,1 % 0,1 % 1,5 % 5 % 2,5 % Not Restricted - Annexe I :
- Some regulated synthetic ingredients are found in nature and in certain proportions in natural ingredients. This presence in nature has to be taken into account when calculating limits of use recommended by the IFRA. In case you do not know these concentrations, you can use the ones estimated by the IFRA. Here they are :
| List of regulated compounds contained in this ingredient | ||
|---|---|---|
| Regulated ingredient name | CAS N° | Estimated Concentration |
| Benzyl cyanide | 140-29-4 | 0,07 |
| List of regulated compounds contained in this ingredient | ||
|---|---|---|
| Regulated ingredient name | CAS N° | Estimated Concentration |
| Benzyl cyanide | 140-29-4 | 0,07 |
To learn more about IFRA's standards : https://ifrafragrance.org/safe-use/library
ScenTree is solely responsible for the information provided here.
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